COP 21 Paris-A New Approach And Launch Of A Process To Address Climate Change
Post on 02,December 2015   4:00 AM
By - Miss. Smita Tiwari
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The term ‘COP’ stands for Conference of Parties. ‘Parties’ is a reference to the (now) 196 signatories of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The Framework Convention came into force in 1994, two years after its text was finalised at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. In 2015 COP21, also known as the 2015 Paris Climate Conference.

Objective

  • Climate change adaptation and mitigation have been outlined by the UNFCC in 1992 as the two main pillars of international climate policy.
  • To achieve a legally binding and universal agreement on climate from all the nation of the world by asking all the countries to develop bottom-up commitments to reduce their emissions.

Goal of COP21 Paris

  • To reduce greenhouse gas emission.
  • Limit the global temperature increase to 2 Degree Celsius.
  • The core issue which is most difficult issue led to resolve in Paris is the principle of  Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR) is cherished in the 1992 framework convention. It recognises that countries in different stages of development have different obligations dealing with climate change .Until recently is been implemented as a division between rich and poor countries when only former developing countries are obliged to reduce their emissions the US and other developed countries want to scrap that firewall in a new deal. While many developing countries including India insist that it live on it some form.
  • India has given historically given voice to philosophy of CBDR , which states the parties should “protect the climate system for benefit of present and future generation of humankind on the basis of equity and in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Accordingly the developed countries should take the lead in combating climate change and adverse effect .
  • Adaptation issues : it is more complex one that adaptation actions are highly dependent on local context Example, developing countries has to adopt the consequences of the climate change drought ,flood, loss of biodiversity agriculture.
  • For a developing countries it is a very difficult to get  economic  progress  without contributing significantly in the carbon emission.
  • They do not have enough fund to transform their technology into clean technology .

Solution

  • 100 Billion Dollar a year plan for assistance from rich to poor countries through GREEN CLIMATE FUND.
  • Developing nation should be allowed to seek their own solution best suited to national condition.
  • Every country should adopt stakeholder based approach to current and future climate events.
  • There should be some top down approach which include that how the contribution reviewed and updated. 

Conclusion: Paris conference should include clear guidelines transparency ,improved governance, structure accountability ,political will and valid flow which can be helpful in building the trust among countries and lead to strengthening the global negotiation process.


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