Aurora And Magnetic Storms
Post on 10,July 2012   10:18 PM
By - Mr. Om Singh
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Aura is a luminous phenomenon observed in the atmosphere in the high latitude regions. It may appear rolling lights or as colored streaks and rays. The auras are produced by the entry of charged particles from the sun into the earth's magnetic field and occur at the height of about 100 km. This phenomenon is most frequent during the intense period of sun spot cycle. The sun spot are relatively dark patches on the surface of the sun and have cycle of 11 years.

The auras are visible on high latitude zones of both northern and southern hemisphere. The Aura that visible on the northern hemisphere are called Aurora Borealis or northern lights and that one visible in the southern hemisphere are called Aurora Australis or the southern lights. The auras are frequently visible in the areas about 20 degree from the magnetic poles in areas like north Canada, southern Russia and Greenland. The auras seem to have an inverse relationship with solar activity, the cycle of sun spot. They tend to strongest when the solar activity in the sun spot cycle is at its lowest and vice-versa.

 
It believed that these glows are triggered when the solar winds carry influx of high energy particles emanating from the sun spots. These particles penetrate in the magnetosphere and enter the lower of the Van Allen's radiation belts. The excess amount of these high energy particles are discharged into the atmosphere around the magnetic poles of the earth. These particles collide with the gas molecule in the atmosphere causing them to emit electromagnetic radiation in the visible band of the spectrum, resulting in the formation of beautiful pattern called as Aura.

Magnetic storms are temporary disturbance in the earth's magnetic field that are supposedly caused by the occurrence of solar flares and sun spots. They are global phenomenon. During such storms the aura are also more extensive. The major effect of these storms is the disruption of radio and telegraphic communications and magnetic surveys.


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