Diaspora Of India Is The Largest In The World
Post on 15,June 2018   10:56 PM
By - PolyEyes Staff
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The population of overseas Indian increased from 6.7 million in 1990 to 16 million in 2015. However, if computed as a percentage of the world's population, the growth of the diaspora has been largely static, from 3.2% in 2010 to 3.3% in 2015.

As per the World Migration Report (2018), published by the International Organisation for Migration, the Indian diaspora constitutes 6% of the total number of international migrants.

Nearly 72% of international migrant population belonged to the working age group of between 20 to 64 years.

According to immigration experts, protectionist measures adopted in these and other countries will eventually transform the diaspora landscape. We are witnessing intense vetting of applications for H-1B, the most popular work visa for Indians headed to the US, and entry into the US is likely to involve stricter rules.

The number of migrants to the Gulf has dipped drastically in recent years, owing to economic conditions and the protectionist measures adopted by these countries. As reported earlier by TOI, pan-India emigration clearance for the Gulf in 2016, 5.07 lakh, showed a decline of 33% as compared to the previous calendar year. The decline trend has continued in 2017

What is International Organization for Migration (IOM)?

It is an organization established in 1951 & is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. It is an intergovernmental organization in the field of migration to promote humane and orderly migration for the benefit of all. It was made an associated organization to UN in 2016. India became a member state in 2008.

What are other International Conventions governing Migration?

The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol (Refugee Convention) establish a framework of surrogate protection for refugees.

Palermo Protocol to the Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNCTOC) dealing with Trafficking and Smuggling.

Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW), 1990

What are benefits for India?

India is benefited for the present scenario in number of ways:

Firstly In terms of earning huge FOREX which is needed in India. It provides India with much required foreign exchange to meet our shortfalls in current account, thus, according to latest data remittances inflow crossed $70 billion in 2014.

Diasporas are symbol of a nation’s pride internationally and helps in building its brand globally through their huge success stories.

Many emigrants make huge investments into their home countries in domestic financial, real estates, services and technological sectors helping in huge inflow of capitals that boost local economy and create huge jobs.

Migration is incorporated into the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to acknowledge the linkages between migration and development. SDGs goals aims “to reduce inequality among countries”. Human mobility due to climate change has featured in global outcome declarations on climate change including UNFCC, Paris agreement etc.

Migration and disaster risk reduction: Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 acknowledges that displacement is one of the devastating effects of disasters and that migrants are a relevant stakeholder in it.

Migration and urbanization: 2016 UN Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development committed to “ensuring safe, orderly and regular migration through planned and well-managed migration policies”.

Concluding Remark: International migration is an important global issue that requires a more effective system of global governance. Amidst protectionism and xenophobia a step by step process of consultation, cooperation and confidence-building is the most promising path towards global migration governance.

 


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