Know How Himalayas Come Into Existence
Post on 06,January 2013   3:43 PM
By - PolyEyes Staff
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The Himalayas are one of the young fold mountains ranges in the world and comprise mainly of sedimentary rocks. They, along with the associated ranges in the northwest and northeast, form the northern boundary of India, extending from Jammu and Kashmir in the west to Assam, Manipur, and Mizoram in the east. The total length of this chain is about 5000 km , of which about 2400km stretches in the form of an arc along the Indian border. The Indus Valley and the Brahmaputra Valley are taken as western and eastern limits respectively, of the Himalayas within India. The Breadth of the Himalayan Mountain Varies from 150 to 400 Km and the average height of the whole region are taken as 2000 meters. The elevation of Himalaya’s chain decreases towards eastwards.

Himalayas are believed to be formed during the Tertiary Era in the Zone formerly called the Tethys Sea, a geosyncline situated between the Gondwanaland to the south and the Angraland to the north. According to this view the two blocks of landmass collided with each other and the sediments laid in the Tethys were compressed and folded to form Himalayas. This theory explains the formation of Himalayas as result of intercontinental collision.

The theory of plate tectonics however emphasizes the formation of the Himalayas due to the intra plate folding. According to this theory, the Indian plate or the Gondwanaland moved northwards and its forward edge penetrated below the southern edge of the Tibetan Plate. The obstruction caused by the Tibetan plate to the northward movement of Indian plate led to the folding of the later plate and the Himalayan came into existence. Penetration of the edge of the Indian plate below the Tibetan plate led to uplift the Tibetan plate region in the form of plateau. There is evidence the Indian plate is still moving towards the Tibetan plate at an imperceptible, rate which is responsible for frequent earthquakes in the Himalayan region.    


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