Tri Cellular Meridional Circulation Of The Atmosphere
Post on 08,March 2016   5:00 AM
By - PolyEyes Staff
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The Modern concept of the mechanism of general circulation of the atmosphere thus includes both, the horizontal and vertical components of atmospheric circulation.

Three cell model of meridional circulation of the atmosphere, where is it is believed that there is cellular circulator of the air at each meridian (latitude).

Surface wind blow from high pressure area to low pressure areas but in the upper atmosphere the general direction of air circulation is opposite to the direction of surface winds. 

Each meridian has three cells of air circulation in the noryhen hemisphere.

  • Tropical cell/Hadley cell.
  • Polar front cell/ middle latitude cell/ ferrel cell.
  • Polar/Sub-polar Cell.

Tropical Cell: It is also called Hadley cell. High rate of heating at equator resulting in the ascend of wind. These ascending warm and moist wind release latest heat after condensation which causes further ascend of the winds. After, reaching the height of 8 to 12 kilometers in the troposphere over the equator diverse northward and southward.

Surface winds/trade winds blow from subtropical high pressure belt to equatorial low pressure belt in order to replace the ascending air at the equator. 

Antitrade (upper air mourning in direction opposite of surface winds) descend near 30 degree - 35 degree latitudes to cause subtropical high pressure belt. After, ascending they blow towards equator where they again heated up and ascend. 

Polar Front Cell/ Mid Latitude Cell: Winds blow from subtropical high pressure belt but winds because atmost westerly due to cariolis force. Regularity and continuity of westerlies are frequently disturbed by temperature cyclones, migratory extratropical cyclones and anti-cyclones.

Warm air ascends along the polar front which in more regular and continuous in the middle troposphere. 

Polar Cell: Atmospheric circulation prevailing between 60 degree and poles. Cold winds, knows as polar easterlies, blow from polar high pressure areas to sub-polar or mid-latitude low pressure belt. 

Central direction of surface polar winds become easterly (east to west) due to coridis force. 

The winds ascend upward due to the rotation of the earth at the subpolar low pressure belt and after reaching middle troposphere they turn poleward and equatorward.

The poleward upper air descends at the poles and reinforce the polar high pressure. Thus complete polar cell in formed.


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