Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
Post on 17,August 2013   6:00 AM
By - Mr. Om Singh
views 3865

Prokaryotic  Cells:

1.Cell Size: Mostly very small (1-10 micrometer) but cells of some cyanobacteriamay be larger up-to micron and cells of Mycoplasmas ( smallest bacteria are only 0.2 to 0.3mm in diameter.

2. Cell Wall: Present, expect in Mycoplasma, but chemically different from plant cell walls in being made up of peptides and polysaccharides.

3. Cytoskeleton: Absent.

4. Plasma Membrane: Present (lipoproteinaceous) but chemically often different.

5. Intracellular Membrane System: Absent.

6. Nucleus: No definite membrane-bound nucleus, but nucleotide present.

7. Other cell Organelles: Absent, except Ribosome.

8. DNA: Singular Circular DNA molecule without associated proteins.

9. Cell Division: Binary fission, budding or other means no mitosis or meiosis.

10. Ribosome Vacuoles:  Smaller in size (70s type Absent).

11. Plasmid: Often present (as very small extrachromosal circular DNA molecule.

 

Eukaryotic Cells:

1. Size: Much larger, mostly 10-100 micrometers in diameter.

2. Cell Wall: Absent in animals Protozoa, present in plants (made of cellulose) and Fungi ( made up of Chitin).

3. Cytoskeleton: Present and is made up of microfibresand micro tubes.4

5.Plasma Membrane: Present (lipoproteinaceous).

6.Intracellular Membrane System: Present, comprisingendoplasmic  recticulum and Golgi bodies.

7.Nucleus: Definite membrane-boundaries present.

8.Other Cell Organelles: Organelles like mitochondria, microbodies, lysosomes, chloroplasts or proplastids, centrioles or basal bodies and ribosome present in various groups.

9.DNA: Multiple DNA molecules (linear, not circular) with associated proteins to form many chromosomes.

10. Cell Division: Both by mitosis and meiosis.

11. Ribosome Vacuoles: Large (80S type) may be present or absent.

12. Plasmid: Absent, but very small circular DNA molecule present in mitochondria and chloroplasts.


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