Detailed Information About Buddha And Buddhism
Post on 23,August 2014   10:00 PM
By - Mr. Om Singh
views 7205

Buddhism was founded by Gautam Buddha ( Siddharta). He belonged to the republican tribe Sakyas of Kapilvastu. He was born in 563 B.C at Lumbini ( Nepal). He is said to renounce world at the age of 29 years after witnessing four scenes in a sequence (Old Man, Sick Man, Dead Body and astcetic) and attined nirvana at 35 years of age at Bodhgya under a pepal tree on the Banks of Niranjan (Phalgu) river on the 49th day of his meditation. He delivered his first sermon ( Dhramchakra Parivarthana ) at sarnath and died at the age of 80 years in 483 B.C at Kushinagar in U.P.

Since Buddha was born in republican clan of Sakyas , He was Known as Sakyamuni.

Important persion associated with Buddha: Suddhodhana (Father) , Mahamaya (Mother), Yasodhara (Wife), Rahula (Son), Devdatta (Cousin), Alara Kalma of Vaisali, Gutami (Step Mother and also she was first Buddhist Nun), Ananda (His favourite Disciple), Channa (Charioteer), Kanthaka (His Hourse), Kassapa or Kasyapa (His most learned disciple), Upali ( barber), Yasa (Rich Youth).

Five Important Events and the Related Symbols

  1. Birth: Lotus and Bull.
  2. Great: Renuciation- Horse.
  3. Nirvana: Bodhi Tree.
  4. First Sermon : Dharmachakra (8 Spoked wheel).
  5. Parinirvana (Death): Stupa.

Four Noble Truths (Arya Satyas)

  1. The world is full of sorrows.
  2. The cause of sorrow is desire.
  3. If desires are concured , all sorrows can be removed.
  4. The only way this can be done by eight fold path (Astangamarga) as follows:
  • Right Understanding.
  • Right Thought.
  • Right Speech.
  • Right Action.
  • Right Livillihood.
  • Right Effort.
  • Right Mindfulness.
  • Right Concentration.

Three Jewels( Triratnas)

  1. Buddha the enlightened.
  2. Dharma (Doctrine)
  3. Sangha (Order)

Important Buddhist Councils

First Council: It was held immediately after the death of Buddha in 483 B.C at Rajagriha under the patronage of Ajatashatru, under the chairmenship of Mahkassapa. In this council Ananada composed the Suttapitaka containing the Buddhist saying and Upali composed the Vinayapitaka containing the monastic codes of Buddhism.

Second Council: it wa sheld in 383 B.C at Vaishali undet the patronage of Kalasoka and chairmenship of Sabakami. There was division of Buddist sanga into the orthodox Sthaviravadins or Therevadins and un orthodox Mahasanghikas.

Third Council: It was held in 250 B.C at Patliputra under the patronage of Ashoka and chairmenship of Moggaliputta Tissa ( Upagupta). The third council led to the establishment of the Sathaviravadins as the true followers. Abhidhama Pitika, the third of Buddhist Pali cannon was composedat the third council.

Fourth Council: It was held in 1st century AD at Kasmir under the patronage of Kanishka and chairmanship of Vasumitra. It resulted in division into two major sects- Hinayana and Mahayana. The delibration of council were in Sanskrit instead of Pali. Spread of Buddhism to another Asian countries, Mahayanism in central Asia, China, Japan and Hinyana in cylon, Burma, Thiland and parts of South East Asia.


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