Naxalism An Introduction
Post on 23,April 2013   4:52 AM
By - PolyEyes Staff
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NEW DELHI: Naxalite or Naxalism is an informal term coined to the organized armed revolutionary communist groups that were originated from the Sino-Soviet split in the Indian communist movement.

The term Naxalite was named after a small village in West Bengal called as Naxalbari, where an armed leftist section of Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) led by Charu Majumdar and Kanu Sanyal led a militant peasant uprising way back in 1967, trying to develop a "revolutionary opposition" in order to establish "revolutionary rule" in the country.

Charu Majumdar was admired of Mao Zedong of China and advocated that Indian farmers and lower classes to follow his footsteps and overthrow the legal government and upper classes whom he held responsible for their plight.

In the year 1967'Naxalites' organized the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR), and part away from CPI (M).Those uprisings were organized in several areas of the country two year later In 1969 AICCCR formed the party named Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). After the internal revolt led by Satyanarayan Singh in 1971 and the death of Charu Majumdar in 1972,the movement was fragmented into many competing factions.

In general most of the Naxalite groups are the brain child of the CPI (ML). A separate tendency from the beginning was the Maoist Communist Centre (MCC), which evolved out of the Dakshin Desh group. MCC later fused with People's War Group (PWG) to form Communist Party of India (Maoist). A third tendency is that of the Andhra revolutionary communists, which was mainly presented by UCCRI (ML), following the mass line legacy of T. Nagi Reddy. That tendency broke with AICCCR at an early stage.

Today many groups have came into the mainstream of Indian politics as the legal organizations participating in parliamentary elections, such as Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation, Communist Party of India (Maoist) and Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti, are engaged in armed guerrilla struggles. Currently several groups of this ideology combine both legal and illegal methods of work. The ideology of Naxal deep rooted to the abject penury and stems from the all pervasive poverty in the Indian hinterland. The Naxal movement is showing signs of better organization of its political and military wings. The Red Corridor held by Naxal groups spread across the swath of forest lands from Andhra Pradesh in South India to Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, and Bihar and is expanding day by day.

In the recent times the insurgents spreading Naxal influence from 76 districts seen in nine states to 118 Districts in 12 States. The Communist Party of India (Maoists) was constituted on September 21, 2004 through the merger of two prominent Naxalite organizations – the People's War Group (PWG) and the Maoists Communists Center (MCC). The military resources of these guerrilla organizations have been now combined as People's Guerilla Army (PGA) forming the cutting edge of the Naxal movement.

The insurgency gets their energy and financials by exploiting the farmers and poor tribal’s by the landlords, Mining mafia and the timber mafia, as well as ignorance and corruption by governmental offices. The improper socio-economic activity that has taken place in such regions from any governmental force is an issue that the Naxalites frequently exploit in their calls for violence for Mao inspired, revolution.

 


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