The Tigher Population Of India Has Doubled
Post on 02,August 2019   9:00 PM
By - Miss. Vibha Yadav
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According to recent tiger census, the tiger population of the country has doubled in the past 12 years. India has approximately 75% of world's tiger population i.e. 2,967 tigers.

The tiger is India's national animal and survey found the highest number tigers in Madhya Pradesh. At the time when Country's biodiversity is facing many challenges like human-wildlife conflict, poaching, massive urbanization and loss of habitat etc, the increasing tiger's population is good new for the country.

The Global tiger forum: GTF is the only inter-governmental international body established to protect the Tigers. GTF has set a goal of doubling the population of wild tiger by 2022, in St.Petersburg Tiger summit 2010.

Now, GTF is focusing on saving the remaining 5 sub-species of Tigers found in 13 tiger range countries of the world through utilizing co-operative policies, common approaches, technical expertise, scientific modules etc.

Need for Tiger conservation: Tigers are at the peak of the food chain and also known as "Umbrella species" which shows their conservation will also conserve many other species in whole ecosystem and this will good for the well being of the whole ecosystem.

Being the home of 80% of world's wild tigers, it is crucial to keep track of their numbers. This process includes habitat assessment and prey estimation reflects the success or failure of Tiger conservation efforts.

India is a fast growing economy and sometimes pressure of development often corners the demands of conservation. So it is require to have close watch on the conservation efforts.

India's five tiger landscapes are:
  • Shivalik Hills and Gangetic Plains
  • Central Indian Landscape and Eastern Ghats
  • Western Ghats
  • North-East Hills and Brahmaputra Plains
  • The Sundarbans.
Highlights of survey

Top performers : Madhya Pradesh(526), Karnataka (524) and Uttarakhand(442).

Increase in population : MP(71%) > Maharashtra(64%) > Karnataka (29%).

Worst performers : Chhattisgarh and Mizoram.

Tiger Sanctuaries : Evolution of 50 tiger Sanctuaries also released
  • Madhya Pradesh' Pench Sanctuary and Kerala's Periyar sanctuary emerged as the best managed tiger reserve.
  • Maximum improvement since last census : Sathyamangalam tiger reserve in Tamilnadu.
  • Worst in terms of Tiger count : The Dampa reserves( Mizoram) and Rajaji reserves( Uttarakhand).
  • No tiger has been found in the Buxa( West Bengal), Palamau( Jharkhand ) and Dampa (Mizoram) reserves.

Reasons for Increase in Tiger population
  • Due to increased vigilance and conservation efforts of the forest department, Organized poaching come to an end.
  • Increased protection has encouraged the tiger to breed.
  • No human rehabilitation in the core areas have increased the availability of more space for the tiger's free movement.
  • Use of more robust technology i.e. mobile application M-STrIPES( monitoring system for tigers-intensive protection and ecological status) to estimate the big cat population.
Conclusion: Tigers are terminal consumers in the ecological food pyramid and their conservation results in the conservation of all trophics levels in the ecosystem. There is need to maintain healthy balance between sustainability and development in every country and results show that the country is moving on the right path.

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